Conjunctivitis, commonly known as "pink eye," is a widespread eye condition characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva – the thin, clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids. This condition can be caused by various factors, including viral and bacterial infections, allergies, and irritants. While conjunctivitis is often considered a minor ailment, its impact on daily life and potential complications underscore the importance of timely and appropriate treatment.

Conjunctivitis comes in several forms, each with distinct causes:

• Caused by viruses like adenoviruses.

• Spreads through direct contact or respiratory droplets.

• Highly contagious, often linked to respiratory infections.

• Starts in one eye and may spread to the other.

• Caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.

• Often due to poor hygiene or sharing contaminated items.

• Thick, yellow or green discharge is common.

• Can affect one or both eyes.

• Triggered by allergens like pollen, pet dander, or dust mites.

• Seasonal and associated with other allergy symptoms.

• Not contagious, affects both eyes.

• Result of exposure to irritants like smoke, chemicals, or foreign objects.

• Not an infection, caused by direct irritation.

• Sources include chlorine, pollution, and contact lens solutions.

• Subset of irritant conjunctivitis caused by chemicals in cleaning products, solvents, or cosmetics.

• Immediate irritation and inflammation upon contact.